Here’s a list of the functions and methods associated with sets in Python:

Set Methods

1. set.add(elem): Adds an element to the set.

   • Example: my_set.add(4)

2. set.update(*others): Updates the set by adding elements from all provided iterables.

   • Example: my_set.update([5, 6], {7, 8})

3. set.remove(elem): Removes the specified element from the set. Raises a KeyError if the element is not found.

   • Example: my_set.remove(4)

4. set.discard(elem): Removes the specified element from the set if it is present. Does nothing if the element is not found.

   • Example: my_set.discard(4)

5. set.pop(): Removes and returns an arbitrary element from the set. Raises a KeyError if the set is empty.

   • Example: elem = my_set.pop()

6. set.clear(): Removes all elements from the set.

   • Example: my_set.clear()

7. set.union(*others): Returns a new set with elements from the set and all provided sets (union operation).

   • Example: new_set = my_set.union({5, 6})

8. set.intersection(*others): Returns a new set with elements common to the set and all provided sets (intersection operation).

   • Example: new_set = my_set.intersection({1, 2, 3})

9. set.difference(*others): Returns a new set with elements in the set that are not in any of the provided sets (difference operation).

   • Example: new_set = my_set.difference({2, 3})

10. set.symmetric_difference(other): Returns a new set with elements in either the set or the other set, but not in both (symmetric difference operation).

    • Example: new_set = my_set.symmetric_difference({3, 4})

11. set.issubset(other): Returns True if the set is a subset of other.

    • Example: is_subset = my_set.issubset({1, 2, 3, 4})

12. set.issuperset(other): Returns True if the set is a superset of other.

    • Example: is_superset = my_set.issuperset({1, 2})

13. set.isdisjoint(other): Returns True if the set has no elements in common with other.

    • Example: is_disjoint = my_set.isdisjoint({5, 6})

14. set.copy(): Returns a shallow copy of the set.

    • Example: new_set = my_set.copy()

Common Built-in Functions with Sets

1. len(set): Returns the number of elements in the set.

   • Example: size = len(my_set)

2. sorted(set): Returns a sorted list of the set’s elements.

   • Example: sorted_set = sorted(my_set)

3. max(set): Returns the largest element in the set.

   • Example: largest = max(my_set)

4. min(set): Returns the smallest element in the set.

   • Example: smallest = min(my_set)

5. sum(set): Returns the sum of all elements in the set (only for sets with numeric values).

   • Example: total = sum(my_set)

6. any(set): Returns True if any element in the set is truthy.

   • Example: result = any(my_set)

7. all(set): Returns True if all elements in the set are truthy.

   • Example: result = all(my_set)

Summary of Set Methods and Functions

These methods and functions provide the primary tools to manipulate, compare, and retrieve information from sets in Python.